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United States Army/Air Force General. World War II Leader. He was a member of the USMA class of 1907. While at West Point, he had been given the nickname "Hap" because of his cheerful disposition. In 1911 he was assigned to the Aeronautical Division of the Signal Corps. Thereafter, his name would be synonymous with flying. It was during that year that he completed flight training with Orville and Wilbur Wright. He became only the 29th pilot to be licensed in the United States. His career was highlighted by one first after another. In September 1911, he carried the first United States air shipments; on June 1, 1912, he attained the record altitude of 6,540 feet; and in October 1912, he won aviation's first MacKay Trophy for a 30-mile round-trip flight from College Park, Maryland, to Fort Myer, Virginia. He also was part of the group of pilots that pioneered air refueling techniques, as well as airborne patrolling of forest fires. On July 6, 1924, he established a new speed record of 113 miles per hour between Rockwell, California and San Francisco, and in 1934, he received a second coveted MacKay Trophy for outstanding achievement in flying; this time for commanding ten bombers on a round-trip flight from Washington D.C., to Fairbanks, Alaska. During World War I, he was appointed head of the Army's Aviation Training School. By 1938, he had rose to Major General, Chief of the Army Air Corps. By the time the United States entered World War II, the production of the aircraft industry had increased sixfold, due primarily to his influence and leadership. He was promoted to Lieutenant General in 1941, and was commissioned as aviation's first full General in 1943. He was recognized by President Harry S. Truman on December 21, 1945, with a promotion to the rank of five-star General of the Army. It was largely through his efforts that the United States Air Force became a separate branch of military service. In fact, his role in transforming the old Army Air Corps into a modern air force won him the unofficial title of "Father of the United States Air Force." He retired to his farm in Sonoma, California, in March 1946. However, in 1949 in recognition of his unequaled contribution to the United States' flying forces, he was commissioned General of the Air Force, the first such commission ever given, and one which made him the only person in American military history to attain that rank in both the Army and Air Force. He published his autobiography, Global Mission, in 1949, and died on his Sonoma ranch in 1950. As he had always considered himself "just a regular Joe," in his will he requested that his grave be marked by a simple regulation headstone. A visit to his grave is often requested by many visiting dignitaries. They are always surprised and moved to see that the grave of such an aviation pioneer is so simply marked. Interred in Arlington National Cemetery, Section 34, where two of his sons, William Bruce Arnold, Colonel, USAF and David Lee Arnold, Colonel, USAF are also buried.
Interred in Arlington National Cemetery, Section 34, where two of his sons, William Bruce Arnold, Colonel, USAF and David Lee Arnold, Colonel, USAF are also buried.
Description The American Theater was a minor area of operations during World War II. This was mainly due to both North and South America's geographical separation from the central theaters of conflict in Europe and Asia. Thus, any threat by the Axis Powers to invade the mainland United States or other areas was considered negligible, allowing for American resources to be deployed in overseas theaters.
This article includes attacks on continental territory, extending 200 miles (320 km) into the ocean, which is today under the sovereignty of the United States, Canada, Mexico, and several other smaller states, but excludes military action involving the Danish territory of Greenland, the Hawaiian Islands, and the Aleutian Islands. The most well known battles in North America during World War II were the Attack on Pearl Harbor (the first attack on US soil since the Battle of Ambos Nogales), the Aleutian Islands Campaign, the Battle of the St. Lawrence, and the attacks on Newfoundland.
