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Contact Info
Home Town Breaux Bridge
Last Address Annandale, VA
Date of Passing Nov 15, 2006
Location of Interment Arlington National Cemetery (VLM) - Arlington, Virginia
Army Colonel Shirly Ray Trumps; Led Commando Units in WWII
By Joe Holley
Courtesy of the Washington Post
Tuesday, December 5, 2006
Shirly Ray Trumps, 84, a retired Army Colonel who led commando operations behind German lines in support of the Normandy invasion, died of lymphocytic leukemia November 15, 2006, at his home in Annandale, Virginia.
Born along the Bayou Teche in Breaux Bridge, Louisiana, in the heart of Louisiana's French-speaking Cajun parishes, he joined the Army in 1940 as a member of the Louisiana National Guard and was commissioned a second lieutenant of infantry in 1942. On a weekend pass to Washington in 1943, he heard that the Army was searching for French-speaking volunteers to train for special missions. He applied for and became part of the Office of Strategic Services mission called Operation Jedburgh.
Organized into three-man teams, the Jedburgh men were from the British, U.S. and French armies and were trained to harass, disrupt and kill German troops, clearing the way for Allied forces advancing across occupied France.
Then-Lieutenant Trumps was the youngest and least experienced of about 86 officers in the program, a group of men that included future CIA Director William Colby, future Major General John Singlaub and Colonel Aaron Bank, founder of the Army's Special Forces.
"The only thing I had over them was I spoke French better than most," he told Jason P. Theriot, author of "To Honor Our Veterans: An Oral History of World War II Veterans from the Bayou Country" (2005).
The Jeds, as they were called -- Jedburgh was a castle in Scotland -- also were expected to meet up with French resistance forces, known as the Maquis, and organize the loose-knit units into cohesive fighting forces. The multinational teams included a U.S. or a British officer, an enlisted radio operator and at least one soldier fluent in the local language.
On the night of August 4, 1944, after nine months of training in demolition and other guerrilla tactics at Congressional Country Club in Bethesda and Milton Hall in England, Lieuenant Trumps and his team took off from a British airfield in a Liberator bomber. They carried with them two parting gifts from the Allied command: a flask of British rum to fortify their nerves for the nighttime jump and cyanide capsules in case they were captured.
Landing in an isolated meadow on the west coast of Brittany, the paratroopers quickly gathered up their equipment. As Colonel Trumps recalled for Theriot's oral history, he had with him two grenades, a dagger, a carbine rifle, a pistol, a canteen and rations, a compass and a silk map of the region. He also had money for food, clothing and bribes. Almost immediately, his team hooked up with Maquis fighters and led them in the defeat and capture of a 400-man garrison of the elite German 2nd Parachute Division in Quimper.
A few days later, the team was making its way south when it ran into an enemy patrol in a small French town.
"At this time, all hell broke loose," Colonel Trumps told Theriot. "We began throwing grenades and firing. . . . The Maquis troops were all in position in houses, and I don't think one German escaped."
The team also participated in the battle of Concarneau, where Lieutenant Trumps was wounded in action and was awarded the French Croix de Guerre with Palm for valor in combat operations.
He returned to England in September 1944 and then was reassigned to the Office of Strategic Services center in Kunming, China. In April 1945, he conducted his second combat parachute operation, leading a five-man team into French Indochina. Japanese forces ambushed the unit, although in the ensuing firefight, then-Captain Trumps and his men managed to escape.
He remained in the Army after World War II and served as a commander and staff officer during several counterintelligence assignments in the United States and overseas. His overseas assignments included service in Japan, Germany, France, Ivory Coast, West Africa and Belgium. In 1968-69, he served as director of counterintelligence at Military Assistance Command, Vietnam headquarters in Saigon. He retired in 1975.
Colonel Trumps's military awards included the Legion of Merit with Oak Leaf Cluster, the Bronze Star and the Purple Heart. He received an undergraduate degree in political science from the University of Maryland in 1956 and a master's degree in international affairs from American University in 1964.
In retirement, he enjoyed golfing, fishing and spending time at the family beach house in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina. He was an original parishioner of St. Michael's Catholic Church in Annandale.
Survivors include his wife of 54 years, Katherine "Kitty" Trumps of Annandale; five children, Gail T. Wells of Houston, Steve P. Trumps of Lafayette, Louisiana, Thomas H. Trumps of Bristow, Eric J. Trumps of Raleigh, North Carolina, and Keith A. Trumps of Annandale; 13 grandchildren; and one great-granddaughter. (Age 84) Colonel, U.S., Army (Ret.)
TRUMPS S. RAY TRUMPS
On Wednesday, November 15, 2006 at his residence. Cherished husband of Katherine "Kitty" Trumps of 54 years. Devoted children, Gail T. Wells (Louis) of Houston, Texas, Steve P. Trumps (Laurie) of Lafayette, Lousiana, Thomas H. Trumps, Colonel, U.S.A (Ret.) (Nancy) of Bristow, Virginia, Eric J. Trumps (Lisa) of Raleigh, North Carolina and Keith A. Trumps (Pam) of Annandale, Virginia. Also survived by 13 loving grandchildren and one great-granddaughter.
Colonel Trumps was preceded in death by an infant son, Paul E. Trumps. A Mass of Christian Burial will be celebrated on Wednesday, January 10, 2007 at 12:45 p.m. at Fort Myer Old Post Chapel followed by interment at Arlington National Cemeter with Full Military Honors. Following the interment a reception will be held at the Officers Club. In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be made to Capital Hospice, P.O. Box 1576, Merrifield, VA 22116.
Description (China Defensive Campaign 4 July 1942 to 4 May 1945) The China Theater of Operations more resembled the Soviet-German war on the Eastern Front than the war in the Pacific or the war in Western Europe. On the Asian continent, as on the Eastern Front, an Allied partner, China, carried the brunt of the fighting. China had been at war with Japan since 1937 and continued the fight until the Japanese surrender in 1945. The United States advised and supported China's ground war, while basing only a few of its own units in China for operations against Japanese forces in the region and Japan itself. The primary American goal was to keep the Chinese actively in the Allied war camp, thereby tying down Japanese forces that otherwise might be deployed against the Allies fighting in the Pacific.
The United States confronted two fundamental challenges in the China theater. The first challenge was political. Despite facing a common foe in Japan, Chinese society was polarized. Some Chinese were supporters of the Nationalist Kuomintang government; some supported one of the numerous former warlords nominally loyal to the Nationalists; and some supported the Communists, who were engaged in a guerrilla war against the military and political forces of the Nationalists. Continuing tensions, which sometimes broke out into pitched battles, precluded development of a truly unified Chinese war effort against the Japanese.
The second challenge in the China theater was logistical. Fighting a two-front war of its own, simultaneously having to supply other Allies, and facing enormous distances involved in moving anything from the United States to China, the U.S. military could not sustain the logistics effort required to build a modern Chinese army. Without sufficient arms, ammunition, and equipment, let alone doctrine and leadership training, the Chinese Nationalist Army was incapable of driving out the Japanese invaders. A "Europe-first" U.S. policy automatically lowered the priority of China for U.S.-manufactured arms behind the needs of U.S. forces, of other European Allies, and of the Soviet Union. The China theater was also the most remote from the United States. American supplies and equipment had to endure long sea passages to India for transshipment to China, primarily by airlift. But transports bringing supplies to China had to fly over the Himalayas the so-called Hump, whose treacherous air currents and rugged
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mountains claimed the lives of many American air crews. Despite a backbreaking effort, only a fraction of the supplies necessary to successfully wage a war ever reached southern China.
Regardless of these handicaps, the United States and Nationalist China succeeded in forging a coalition that withstood the tests of time. Indeed, Chinese leader Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, the Allied Supreme Commander, China Theater, accepted, though reluctantly, U.S. Army generals as his chiefs of staff. This command relationship also endured differences in national war aims and cultures, as well as personalities, until the end of the war. The original policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Army Chief of Staff George C. Marshall succeeded, China stayed in the war and prevented sizable numbers of Japanese troops from deploying to the Pacific.
