Criteria The Spanish War Service Medal commemorates certain service during the Spanish-American War. It was awarded for military service of not less than ninety days between April 20, 1898, and April 11, 1899,... The Spanish War Service Medal commemorates certain service during the Spanish-American War. It was awarded for military service of not less than ninety days between April 20, 1898, and April 11, 1899, to servicemen who were not eligible for the Spanish Campaign Medal. The Spanish War Service Medal was originally intended for members of the National Guard mobilized during the Spanish-American War but who were not eligible for the Spanish Campaign Medal. MoreHide
Other Memories
joined the regiment at Legaspi, Philippine Islands, November 7, '01, commanding Regiment, Post and District to April 30, '02; at San Pablo, Laguna Province to May 27, '02; at Iloilo, Panay, until September 2, '02, commanding Fifth Brigade and then Regiment and Post; en route to the United States with Regiment September 2 to October 13, '02, and at Fort Walla Walla, Washington, commanding the Post and Regiment to October 19, '04. He commanded the Department of the Columbia in May and June, '04; commanded the First Brigade, Maneuver Camp, American Lake, Washington, July, '04; and was at Fort Riley, Kansas, commanding Regiment, Post and School of Application for Cavalry and Field Artillery, July, '04, to January 17, '07. (He had the name of that school changed to "The Mounted Service School.") On the last date he was promoted Brigadier General. However, he continued one month longer in charge of the aforementioned school, then commanded the Department of the Missouri until retirement by age regulation, October 9, 1907. And nearly ten years later upon entrance of our country into the World War he immediately but unavailingly offered to the Department of War whatever of possible service he then might render.
Criteria The Philippine Campaign Medal was awarded for military service in the Philippine Islands under any of the following conditions: Ashore between February 4, 1899 and July 4, 1902. Ashore in the Departme... The Philippine Campaign Medal was awarded for military service in the Philippine Islands under any of the following conditions: Ashore between February 4, 1899 and July 4, 1902. Ashore in the Department of Mindanao between Feb 4, 1899, and Dec 31, 1904. Against the Pulajanes on Leyte between July 20, 1906 and June 30, 1907, or on Samar between August 2, 1904, and June 30, 1907.Or With any of the following expeditions: Against Pala on Jolo between April and May, 1905. Against Datu Ali on Mindanao in October, 1905. Against hostile Moros on Mount Bud-Dajo, Jolo, in March of 1906. Against hostile Moros on Mount Bagsac, Jolo, between January and July of 1913. Against hostile Moros on Mindanao or Jolo between 1910 and 1913. Any action in which U.S. troops were killed or wounded between February 4, 1899, and December 31, 1913. MoreHide
Description The Moro Rebellion (1899–1913) was an armed conflict between Moro indigenous ethnic groups and the United States military which took place in the southern Philippines but was unconnected to the SpanisThe Moro Rebellion (1899–1913) was an armed conflict between Moro indigenous ethnic groups and the United States military which took place in the southern Philippines but was unconnected to the Spanish–American War in 1898.
The word "Moro" is a term for ethnic Muslims who lived in the Southern Philippines, an area that includes Mindanao Jolo and the neighboring Sulu Archipelago.
After the American government informed the Moros that they would continue the old protectorate relationship that they had with Spain, the Moro Sulu Sultan rejected this and demanded that a new treaty be negotiated. The United States signed the Bates Treaty with the Moro Sulu Sultanate which guaranteed the Sultanate's autonomy in its internal affairs and governance while America dealt with its foreign relations, in order to keep the Moros out of the Philippine–American War. Once the Americans subdued the northern Filipinos, the Bates Treaty with the Moros was violated by the Americans and they invaded Moroland.
After the war in 1915, the Americans imposed the Carpenter Treaty on Sulu.... More
Memories He was at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, March, '01, to July 16, '01, organizing and commanding the TwelftHe was at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, March, '01, to July 16, '01, organizing and commanding the Twelfth Cavalry; was promoted Colonel Ninth Cavalry June 26, '01; joined the regiment at Legaspi, Philippine Islands, November 7, '01, commanding Regiment, Post and District to April 30, '02; at San Pablo, Laguna Province to May 27, '02; at Iloilo, Panay, until September 2, '02, commanding Fifth Brigade and then Regiment and Post; en route to the United States with Regiment September 2 to October 13, '02, and at Fort Walla Walla, Washington, commanding the Post and Regiment to October 19, '04.... More
Other Memories
During September and October, '97, he was in command of troops from Forts Apache, Arizona, and Wingate, New Mexico, to arrest Zuni Indians who in performance of tribal ceremonies had murdered two of the tribe. The objective finally and bloodlessly was attained by a bold and outstanding resort. For upon approaching the Indian village and despite advice and warning to the contrary, he went alone on foot to the village, impressed his point of view upon the tribe "Governor" and returned to camp to await developments. And that procedure was wholly vindicated the next day, when the "Governor" delivered at the camp the wanted ones, who soon were en route to Santa Fe for trial. In April, '98, he was transferred to Fort Du Chesne, Utah, where he commanded till October, '98. From October, '98, to January, '99, he was stationed at Huntsville, Alabama, and Macon, Georgia, and in January, '99, at Havana and Pinar del Rio, Cuba, commanding United States troops at Pinar del Rio and the district of that Province May to August, 1900. In August, 1900, he was transferred to Columbia Barracks (near Havana) Cuba, where he was stationed till March, '01
Criteria The Medal of Honor is awarded for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of one's life, above and beyond the call of duty. This gallantry must be performed either while engaged in action ag... The Medal of Honor is awarded for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of one's life, above and beyond the call of duty. This gallantry must be performed either while engaged in action against an enemy of the United States; while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing foreign force; or, while serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United States is not a belligerent party. MoreHide
Comments Rank and organization: Captain, 7th U.S. Cavalry.
Place and date: At Bear Paw Mountain, Montana, 30 September 1877.
Entered service at: Ottawa, Putnam County, Ohio.
Date of issue: 27 November 1894.
Cit... Rank and organization: Captain, 7th U.S. Cavalry.
Place and date: At Bear Paw Mountain, Montana, 30 September 1877.
Entered service at: Ottawa, Putnam County, Ohio.
Date of issue: 27 November 1894.
Citation: Led his command into action when he was severely wounded. MoreHide
Description The Wounded Knee Massacre occurred on December 29, 1890, near Wounded Knee Creek on the Lakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
The previous day, a detachment of the UThe Wounded Knee Massacre occurred on December 29, 1890, near Wounded Knee Creek on the Lakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
The previous day, a detachment of the U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment commanded by Major Samuel M. Whitside intercepted Spotted Elk's band of Miniconjou Lakota and 38 Hunkpapa Lakota near Porcupine Butte and escorted them 5 miles (8.0 km) westward to Wounded Knee Creek, where they made camp. The remainder of the 7th Cavalry Regiment, led by Colonel James W. Forsyth, arrived and surrounded the encampment. The regiment was supported by a battery of four Hotchkiss mountain guns.
On the morning of December 29, the troops went into the camp to disarm the Lakota. One version of events claims that during the process of disarming the Lakota, a deaf tribesman named Black Coyote was reluctant to give up his rifle, claiming he had paid a lot for it. A scuffle over the rifle ensued, causing several Lakota to draw their weapons and open fire on the cavalry regiment. The situation quickly devolved as both sides began firing indiscriminately. By the time the battle was over, more than 150 men, women, and children of the Lakota had been killed and 51 were wounded (4 men and 47 women and children, some of whom died later); some estimates placed the number of dead at 300. Twenty-five soldiers also died, and 39 were wounded (6 of the wounded later died). At least twenty soldiers were awarded the Medal of Honor. In 2001, the National Congress of American Indians passed two resolutions condemning the awards and called on the U.S. government to rescind them. The site of the battlefield has been designated a National Historic Landmark. In 1990, both houses of the U.S. Congress passed a resolution formally expressing "deep regret" for the massacre.... More
Description Battle of Bear Paw was the final engagement of the Nez Perce War. Some of the Nez Perce were able to escape to Canada but Chief Joseph was forced to surrender the majority of his tribe to Oliver O. HoBattle of Bear Paw was the final engagement of the Nez Perce War. Some of the Nez Perce were able to escape to Canada but Chief Joseph was forced to surrender the majority of his tribe to Oliver O. Howard.... More
Description June 25-26, 1876, The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engage June 25-26, 1876, The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army. The battle, which occurred June 25–26, 1876, near the Little Bighorn River in eastern Montana Territory, was the most prominent action of the Great Sioux War of 1876.
The fight was an overwhelming victory for the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho, led by several major war leaders, including Crazy Horse and Chief Gall, inspired by the visions of Sitting Bull. The U.S. 7th Cavalry, including the Custer Battalion, a force of 700 men led by George Armstrong Custer, suffered a major defeat. Five of the 7th Cavalry's twelve companies were annihilated; Custer was killed, as were two of his brothers, a nephew, and a brother-in-law. The total U.S. casualty count included 268 dead and 55 severely wounded (six died from their injuries later), including four Crow Indian scouts and two Pawnee Indian scouts.
Public response to the Great Sioux War varied in the immediate aftermath of the battle, but over the next years and decades Custer and his troops became iconic, heroic figures in American history, a status that lasted into the 1960s. The battle, and Custer's actions in particular, have been studied extensively by historians.... More
People You Remember
Marcus Reno Frederick Benteen Myles Moylan Charles Varnum
Description The Battle of Washita River occurred on November 27, 1868 when Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer?s 7th U.S. Cavalry attacked Black Kettle?s Southern Cheyenne camp on the Washita River (near present dayThe Battle of Washita River occurred on November 27, 1868 when Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer?s 7th U.S. Cavalry attacked Black Kettle?s Southern Cheyenne camp on the Washita River (near present day Cheyenne, Oklahoma), part of a major winter encam... More
Description The American Civil War was an internal conflict fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. The Union faced secessionists in eleven Southern states grouped together as the Confederate States of AmeThe American Civil War was an internal conflict fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. The Union faced secessionists in eleven Southern states grouped together as the Confederate States of America. The Union won the war, which remains the bloodiest in U.S. history.
Among the 34 U.S. states in February 1861, seven Southern slave states individually declared their secession from the U.S. to form the Confederate States of America. War broke out in April 1861 when Confederates attacked the U.S. fortress of Fort Sumter. The Confederacy grew to include eleven states; it claimed two more states, the Indian Territory, and the southern portions of the western territories of Arizona and New Mexico (called Confederate Arizona). The Confederacy was never diplomatically recognized by the United States government nor by any foreign country. The states that remained loyal, including border states where slavery was legal, were known as the Union or the North. The war ended with the surrender of all the Confederate armies and the dissolution of the Confederate government in the spring of 1865.
The war had its origin in the factious issue of slavery, especially the extension of slavery into the western territories. Four years of intense combat left 620,000 to 750,000 soldiers dead, a higher number than the number of American military deaths in World War I and World War II combined, and much of the South's infrastructure was destroyed. The Confederacy collapsed and 4 million slaves were freed (most of them by Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation). The Reconstruction Era (1863–1877) overlapped and followed the war, with the process of restoring national unity, strengthening the national government, and granting civil rights to freed slaves throughout the country.... More
People You Remember In Company D was a family connection of twelve cousins and one uncle. Seven of them were office In Company D was a family connection of twelve cousins and one uncle. Seven of them were officers. And they sustained the only casualties in the only engagement the Company had, Second Lieutenant Guy Pomeroy being fatally wounded and Captain Thomas G. Allen being killed. The former expired on an Ohio River steamboat while being taken to Gallipolis, Ohio, but Sergeant J. H. Long. Captain Allen had said-- "If I am killed I want to be shot right here," placing a finger at the center of his forehead. And that was where the bullet struck. First Lieutenant Charles William Allen, a student of medicine under Dr. Charles Moore Godfrey and brother of the Captain, reenlisted and died at home of wounds received at the battle of Chickamauga in September, 1863. Those brothers lie under a double monument erected in Pomeroy Cemetery, Ottawa, Ohio, and Second Lieutenant Guy Pomeroy also lies nearby. Captain Allen had bequeathed his sword to Ottawa Lodge No. 325 F. A. M., Ottawa, Ohio. Many, many years afterward the writer of this delivered to the widow of Lawyer Guy Pomeroy letters that had been written by him to Thomas G. Allen. She instantly recognized the handwriting and expressed sweet gratitude. He was one of the committee that acted for resident voters to petition the county commissioners for incorporatio... More
Memories His first military experience, however, was in the so-called three months' service in the Civil War His first military experience, however, was in the so-called three months' service in the Civil War, in Company D, Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, that lasted from April 26 to August 12, 1861. That Company was mustered in at Camp Taylor, Cleveland, Ohio, May 21, 1861, and was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, August 12 following. It was recruited in and near Ottawa by Lawyer Thomas Godfrey Allen, who became captain, and the volunteers mainly were enrolled by him at the railway station and on the street. The drilling was done on the village common, just east of the Blanchard River and just north of the Ottawa-Kalida road. The drill instructor was Jacob Wolf, a recently discharged regular army sergeant from Delphos, Ohio, who was visiting in Ottawa, was persuaded to enroll for the Company, and was made a corporal. During the last few days before entraining for Cleveland, camp was made at the large barn of Dr. Calvin T. Pomeroy just south of the village and just north of Williamstown road. Before being mustered in our young volunteer experienced two rejections before acceptance could be had. He there stood in the physical examination line three times, going immediately from the head to the foot twice. Finally and although his age was below the minimum, persistence and resourcefulness won over the examining surgeon -- Dr. Miller. And in vindication it may be noted that during that Company's sole engagement, at Scarey Creek, West Virginia, July 17, 1861, Private Godfrey while under fire carried water to the wounded. And he assisted in carrying from the field Second Lieutenant Guy Pomeroy. For a time that wounded officer was carried in a blanket, so that eventually the carriers' fingers were much pained. Arriving at a tobacco shed and finding therein a ladder, immediately there was discussion as to the right and the wrong of taking and utilizing it for litter purposes to ease the injured one and his comrades. As a result the ladder was not left.... More
joined the regiment at Legaspi, Philippine Islands, November 7, '01, commanding Regiment, Post and District to April 30, '02; at San Pablo, Laguna Province to May 27, '02; at Iloilo, Panay, until September 2, '02, commanding Fifth Brigade and then Regiment and Post; en route to the United States with Regiment September 2 to October 13, '02, and at Fort Walla Walla, Washington, commanding the Post and Regiment to October 19, '04.
He commanded the Department of the Columbia in May and June, '04; commanded the First Brigade, Maneuver Camp, American Lake, Washington, July, '04; and was at Fort Riley, Kansas, commanding Regiment, Post and School of Application for Cavalry and Field Artillery, July, '04, to January 17, '07. (He had the name of that school changed to "The Mounted Service School.") On the last date he was promoted Brigadier General. However, he continued one month longer in charge of the aforementioned school, then commanded the Department of the Missouri until retirement by age regulation, October 9, 1907. And nearly ten years later upon entrance of our country into the World War he immediately but unavailingly offered to the Department of War whatever of possible service he then might render.